What is Binding Origin Information (BOI)?
Binding Origin Information (BOI) is an EU decision that confirms the origin of your goods. You apply to the customs authority of an EU Member State, and the decision is binding on customs authorities throughout the EU and on the holder. It is based on Article 33 onwards of the Union Customs Code and is generally valid for three years.
A BOI is not mandatory, but it gives legal certainty when origin is complex, for example when products are assembled from components made in several countries.
Core principle: Origin decides which duty rate, preference or trade measure applies. A BOI makes that origin certain before you ship.
Preferential and non-preferential origin
| Type | Used for |
|---|---|
| Preferential origin | Claiming reduced or zero duty under EU trade agreements and preference schemes |
| Non-preferential origin | Anti-dumping duties, quotas, embargoes, trade statistics and origin marking |
BOI can be requested for both types, provided the goods and the manufacturing processes are clearly described.
When a BOI is worth it
- Products made from inputs from several countries, where the last substantial transformation is debatable
- Goods where anti-dumping duties depend on origin
- High-volume imports claiming preferential duty under a free trade agreement
BOI vs BTI
Binding Tariff Information (BTI) fixes the tariff code; BOI fixes the origin. The duty you pay depends on both.
Example: Bicycles assembled in Vietnam from Chinese frames could face EU anti-dumping duties if their origin is considered Chinese. A BOI confirming Vietnamese origin, based on the assembly process, gives the importer certainty.
Frequently asked questions
Is a BOI compulsory?
No. It is optional, but useful wherever origin affects duties or trade measures.
How long is a BOI valid?
Generally three years from the date the decision takes effect.
Does a BOI replace a certificate of origin?
No. A BOI confirms how customs will treat origin; proofs of origin may still be required for each shipment to claim preferences.
Official guidance: Guidance on Binding Origin Information (European Commission).
